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Cisco —— Cisco Certified Network Associate (CCNA®)

本帖最後由 角色 於 2014-9-14 13:26 編輯

Referece: http://www.systematic.com.hk/ccna.htm

1. OSI Reference Model
1.1 Background
1.2 OSI Layers
1.3 Layers Interaction (交互作用)
1.4 Benefits (好處) Provided by OSI Reference Model

2. Ethernet (以太網)
2.1 Logical Bus Design
2.2 Logical Switching (交換) Design
2.3 Common Forms of UTP (Unshielded Twisted Pair,非屏蔽雙絞線) Cable
2.4 Rollover (翻轉) Console (控制臺) Cable
2.5 Half-duplex (半雙工) Ethernet and Full-duplex (全雙工) Ethernet
2.6 Cisco Switch LED (燈)

3. Detail Concepts on Logical Switching
3.1 Ethernet Addressing
3.2 Switching Mechanism (機制)
3.3 More about Address Table
3.4 Exercises about Address Table
3.5 LAN (Local Area Network) Segmentation (分段)

4. Features Provided By Cisco Switches
4.1 Spanning Tree Protocol (STP, which is standardized as IEEE 802.1d)
4.2 Switch Management
4.3 Configuration Files and File Systems
4.4 Virtual (虛擬) Local Area Network (VLAN)
4.5 VTP (VLAN Trunking Protocol)
4.6 InterVLAN Routing
4.7 Static Entries in MAC Address Table
4.8 Port Security

5. IP Addressing
5.1 Structure (結構) of IP Address
5.2 Concept of Binary Number
5.3 Identifying (辨認) the Network ID in an Environment (環境) without Subnetting (子網路化)
5.4 Use of Subnet Mask (子網路遮罩)
5.5 Possible Values in an Octet of a Subnet Mask
5.6 Subnetting (子網路化)
5.7 Questions of IP Addressing
5.8 VLSM (Variable Length (不定長度) Subnet Mask)

6. TCP/IP
6.1 Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
6.2 User Datagram Protocol (UDP)
6.3 Internet Protocol (IP)
6.4 Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)
6.5 Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)

7. Overview (概論) of Cisco Routers
7.1 Memory
7.2 Interfaces
7.3 DCE (Data Communication Equipment) and DTE (Data Terminal Equipment)

8. Basic Router Management
8.1 Features in Command Line Interface
8.2 Configuring Basic Settings of a Router
8.3 Obtaining Hardware Configuration and Software Version of the Router
8.4 Backing Up the Startup-configuration/Running-configuration
8.5 Backing Up the Flash Memory IOS
8.6 Upgrading Flash Memory IOS

9. Static Routing (靜態路由)
9.1 Route Entries for Directly Connected Networks
9.2 Static Routing Entries
9.3 Static Default Routing

10. Dynamic Routing (動態路由)
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Mechanism (機制) of Distance Vector Routing Protocols
10.3 Routing Information Protocol (RIP)
10.4 Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP)
10.5 Open Shortest Path First (OSPF)

11. Access Lists (存取清單)
11.1 Filtering Logic (過濾邏輯)
11.2 Access List Settings
11.3 Access List Types
11.4 Access List for Inbound / Outbound Data
11.5 Creating an IP Standard Access List and Applying it to an Interface
11.6 Adding a New Statement to an Access List
11.7 Removing the Application of an IP Standard Access List from an Interface
11.8 Creating an IP Extended Access List and Applying it to an Interface
11.9 One More Example on Filtering Data Traffic

12. Wide Area Networking (WAN)
12.1 Introduction to WAN
12.2 Point-to-Point Synchronous Protocols
12.3 Frame Relay (訊框傳送、幀中繼)

13. Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP)

14. Network Address Translation (NAT)
14.1 背景
14.2 Main Advantage of Using NAT
14.3 Dynamic NAT
14.4 Dynamic NAT with Overload (負荷)
14.5 Configuration of IP Routing
14.6 Configuration of Dynamic NAT
14.7 Configuration of Dynamic NAT with Overload
14.8 Configuration of Static NAT
14.9 Configuration of DHCP
14.10 DHCP Conflict (抵觸)

15. IP Version 6
15.1 Overview
15.2 IPv6 Addressing Representation
15.3 IPv6 Basic Configuration
15.4 IPv6 Static Route
15.5 More About IPv6 Addressing
15.6 Configuration of OSPFv3
15.7 IPv6 Anycast
15.8 IPv4 to IPv6 Transition (演變) Strategies (策略)

16. SSH (Secure SHell) Access

17. EtherChannel

18. SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol)
18.1 SNMP Overview
18.2 SNMP Versions
18.3 SNMP Sample Configurations

19. SYSLOG (System Message Logging系統訊息記錄)
19.1 SYSLOG to Console
19.2 SYSLOG to a Server

20. NetFlow
20.1 Traditional (傳統的) NetFlow
20.2 Flexible (靈活的) NetFlow

21. GLBP (Gateway Load Balancing Protocol)

Supplement:
IEEE 802.3ab
Internet、WAN Links及VPN的關係與分別
Password Recovery

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本帖最後由 角色 於 2014-11-29 20:49 編輯

不知道大家读完CCNA后,是否有考CCNA的Cert呢?考试费都要2xxx元。

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上了差不多8堂(8 x 3 = 24小时)的课,真的不错。关于networking很多基本概念都学,比以前的知识加以修正和加深。所以如果大家用networking有兴趣(switching and routing)的话,上一下CCNA的course也不错。

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其实整个trouble shooting过程,就是

用ping www.netvigator.com

1)把整个后面的link断开,先从modem后接电脑,看ping是否能正常?
2)然后从Modem后,接回router再测试ping?
3)然后再测试不同的switch组,ping是否正常?
4)找到那个switch组后,就续一把网线拔开,只能ping的正常,那么最后的一根线就出问题。
5)最后再沿着有问题的线去看,原来接了一台switch,而发现有人把switch两个口被一根网线短路了。由于那台平价的switch,只有802.1Q,而没有802.1D,所以不断产生data frame与backbone里,所以导致整个网络上网不稳定。

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回復 15# 角色

那更加要讀CCNP, CCNP要考troubleshooting.
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因为那个时候,所有的线都没有label,还有所有的switch都不知道怎样接,所以都没有系统地找出问题。搞了一整天都找不出问题,没有办法地找外面公司来trouble shoot,他大约用了少于2个小时就可以把问题isolate出来。经过这次,学会怎样trouble shoot,怎样isolate问题。

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哈哈,我在公司也有遇到类似你说的问题。就是把我的一个有802.1Q的switch,一位同事把两个ports连起来,搞到整个network都不稳定。如果那个switch有802.1d,那么就不会出现问题了。

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回復 12# 角色

STP係標準協議, 所有有management功能的layer2 switch都會有這個功能. 我家工人之前唔小心幫我兩部switch之間插多o左條lan線, 而其中1部係傻瓜switch, 就係因為係傻瓜冇STP功能, 成個network就發生loop.
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回復 11# 雯雯

家里都要STP呢?为什么?你家里不会用Cisco的Switch吧!

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回復 10# 角色

STP其實家裡也需要, 我之前試過.
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如果一般在家里根本不需要什么VPN,STP这个的东西,但是在公司,如果中型公司就要考虑了,特别有好几个offices的公司。

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回復 8# 角色

上CCNP, STP(IEEE 802.1d), RSTP (IEEE 802.1w), VLAN (IEEE 802.1Q)會講得更深入.
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上了4堂的CCNA course,真的学了不少的东西,虽然我知道都是皮毛,但是其他很多东西以前都不知道的,现在都知道一点点。例如STP(IEEE 802.1d), RSTP (IEEE 802.1w), VLAN (IEEE 802.1Q)。还有Ethernet Keepalive (2 sec interval), Switch MAC address Table, default aging time of 300 seconds.

所以你想增加你的Networking知识,上CCNA,然后再上CCNP也不错。

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回復 6# 角色

同意.
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